The bulging disc refers to the soft disk between the vertebrae, which expands past the normal boundary. The disc has a firm outer layer and a soft gel-like centre. When the outer layer weakens, the center pushes forward. It puts pressure on the nearby nerves and tissues, causing pain.
Bulging discs occur due to natural wear and tear of the spine. It happens without warning and may not cause pain at first. However, as the bulge presses on the nerves, you feel discomfort in your back, neck or your legs.
Symptoms of a bulging disc
Symptoms vary with the location. Pain and discomfort affect your daily routine. There are some signs which you might notice.
- Local pain. You feel pain where the disc is located. It is either dull or sharp.
- A radiating pain travelling from your back or neck into your arms and leg. You experience shooting pain when you move or bend.
- You feel a tingling sensation or a numbness in your extremities. This happens when nerves become compressed.
- Muscles start feeling weak in the areas affected by the nerves. It is hard to lift or hold objects.
- People feel stiffness and limited mobility. It becomes hard to stretch the affected area.
If you experience symptoms, which worsen with activity, speak with a healthcare professional.
What causes a bulging disc?
Bulging disk results from a mix of daily stress and other factors. Ageing causes the disk to lose its water content. Water loss makes the disc-less flexible and likely to bulge.
Injury or trauma can weaken the disc. Heavy lifting or a fall might lead to disc damage. Repetitive bending or twisting during a workout can stress the disk. Poor body mechanics when lifting and sitting also contribute.
People with a sedentary lifestyle, have poor muscle support. Smoking and being overweight also increase the risk. Pay attention to the causes. Adopt habits that protect your back.
Treatment for bulging disc
- Non-surgical treatments include rest and activity. Take breaks from activities which worsen the pain. You need to change the way you lift objects or sit down.
- Physical therapy includes exercise to strengthen your back. Stretching and gentle movements improved the range of motion.
- Epidural injections reduce inflammation and relieve nerve pain. They are useful for consistently non-subsiding pain.
- In Microdiscectomy, the surgeon removes part of the disc pressing on the nerve. It’s a conservative measure and brings relief.
- Artificial disc displacement involves replacing the damaged disc. It is considered a degenerated disc.
Speak with your doctor today. Mention your daily activities and changes in symptoms. Choose the best option for your needs.
Taking care of your spine reduces risk of bulging discs. It prevents the symptoms from worsening. Exercise regularly and focus on core strengthening. Exercises to support your back, walking, and swimming keep you active. Sit and stand with your back straight in your chair for support for your lower back. Maintain a healthy weight.
Bulging disc affects many people. It interferes with your daily life. Know your symptoms and causes. Speak with your doctor to know bulging disc treatment options.
